Outside-root file overwrite via pre-existing hardlinks
Published Aug 27, 2026 · Updated Aug 27, 2026
Filesystem containment bypass in NLTK before 3.10.3 allows local users to overwrite outside-root files through pre-existing hardlinks. Downloader.download and Downloader.incr_download accept an existing hardlink as an in-root extraction target and write package data through it to the linked inode. Exploitation requires write access to a shared downloader directory on the target file's filesystem and can modify or destroy data accessible to the downloader process.
Summary
What happened
Filesystem containment bypass in NLTK before 3.10.3 allows local users to overwrite outside-root files through pre-existing hardlinks. Downloader.download and Downloader.incr_download accept an existing hardlink as an in-root extraction target and write package data through it to the linked inode. Exploitation requires write access to a shared downloader directory on the target file's filesystem and can modify or destroy data accessible to the downloader process.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-81727
- Published
- Aug 27, 2026
- Updated
- Aug 27, 2026
- Vendor
- NLTK Project
- Product
- NLTK
- Classifications
- CWE-61, CWE-59, CWE-73, T1565.001
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- Unavailable
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Aug 27, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Aug 27, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=0 <3.10.3
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- GHSA-f794-5jv7-7672 hardlink overwrite PoCproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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