CVE-2026-71869Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Import-time code execution via unescaped array defaults

Published Aug 19, 2026 · Updated Aug 25, 2026

Code injection in Orval before 8.21.0 allows attackers to execute JavaScript when a generated Zod schema module is imported. The formatDefaultValue function emits an array item's untrusted default into a module-level template literal without escaping backticks or ${...} expressions. Exploitation requires an attacker-influenced OpenAPI description to reach Zod generation; importing the resulting module runs the injected expression in the developer, CI, test, or application process.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability0.61%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Orval before 8.21.0 allows attackers to execute JavaScript when a generated Zod schema module is imported. The formatDefaultValue function emits an array item's untrusted default into a module-level template literal without escaping backticks or ${...} expressions. Exploitation requires an attacker-influenced OpenAPI description to reach Zod generation; importing the resulting module runs the injected expression in the developer, CI, test, or application process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-71869
Published
Aug 19, 2026
Updated
Aug 25, 2026
Vendor
Orval
Product
Orval
Classifications
CWE-1336, CWE-94, CWE-116, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 19, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 25, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 8.21.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Orval · Orvalversion=< 8.21.0

Published CVSS scores

9.3GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1336Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CWE-116Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
T1059.007JavaScript/JScript

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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