Import-time code execution via unescaped enum default
Published Aug 19, 2026 · Updated Aug 19, 2026
Code injection in Orval before 8.21.0 allows attackers to execute JavaScript at import time via crafted enum default values in OpenAPI input. In packages/zod/src/index.ts, the formatDefaultValue function emits enum-typed default values into a module-level template literal during zod schema generation without escaping ${...} or backticks, so attacker input becomes a live JavaScript expression in the generated module. Exposure requires generation and later import of a zod schema module from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced specification; execution then occurs in the developer workstation, CI job, test runner, or application process that imports it.
Summary
What happened
Code injection in Orval before 8.21.0 allows attackers to execute JavaScript at import time via crafted enum default values in OpenAPI input. In packages/zod/src/index.ts, the formatDefaultValue function emits enum-typed default values into a module-level template literal during zod schema generation without escaping ${...} or backticks, so attacker input becomes a live JavaScript expression in the generated module. Exposure requires generation and later import of a zod schema module from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced specification; execution then occurs in the developer workstation, CI job, test runner, or application process that imports it.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-71868
- Published
- Aug 19, 2026
- Updated
- Aug 19, 2026
- Vendor
- Orval
- Product
- Orval
- Classifications
- CWE-1336, CWE-94, T1203
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Aug 19, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Aug 19, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 8.21.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- reproduce.sh import-time RCE PoCproof of concept · demonstrated
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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