CPU exhaustion via quadratic link-text scanning
Published Jun 24, 2026 · Updated Jun 24, 2026
Algorithmic-complexity DoS in Mistune before 3.3.0 allows remote attackers to exhaust CPU via crafted Markdown input. In mistune/inline_parser.py, parse_link_text searches to the end for a closing bracket on each failed link parse, while the outer loop advances one character, producing quadratic work for repeated opening brackets. The condition is reachable only when a consuming application passes attacker-controlled Markdown to Mistune; the bounded consequence is CPU saturation that delays or blocks parsing.
Summary
What happened
Algorithmic-complexity DoS in Mistune before 3.3.0 allows remote attackers to exhaust CPU via crafted Markdown input. In mistune/inline_parser.py, parse_link_text searches to the end for a closing bracket on each failed link parse, while the outer loop advances one character, producing quadratic work for repeated opening brackets. The condition is reachable only when a consuming application passes attacker-controlled Markdown to Mistune; the bounded consequence is CPU saturation that delays or blocks parsing.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-49851
- Published
- Jun 24, 2026
- Updated
- Jun 24, 2026
- Vendor
- Lepture
- Product
- Mistune
- Classifications
- CWE-770, CWE-407, CWE-400, T1499.004
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jun 24, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jun 24, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 3.3.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Mistune repeated-opening-bracket benchmark PoCproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo