CVE-2026-4946Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Command execution via parsed binary-derived annotations

Published Mar 29, 2026 · Updated Mar 29, 2026

OS command injection in Ghidra before 12.0.3 allows remote attackers to execute commands by supplying a crafted binary to an analyst. CFStringAnalyzer writes binary-controlled strings into repeatable comments, and Annotation parses embedded @execute directives that ExecutableTaskStringHandler sends to ProcessBuilder without confirmation or an allowlist. Execution requires the analyst to analyze the file and click the disguised annotation, after which the command runs with the analyst's privileges.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.48%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Ghidra before 12.0.3 allows remote attackers to execute commands by supplying a crafted binary to an analyst. CFStringAnalyzer writes binary-controlled strings into repeatable comments, and Annotation parses embedded @execute directives that ExecutableTaskStringHandler sends to ProcessBuilder without confirmation or an allowlist. Execution requires the analyst to analyze the file and click the disguised annotation, after which the command runs with the analyst's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-4946
Published
Mar 29, 2026
Updated
Mar 29, 2026
Vendor
National Security Agency
Product
Ghidra
Classifications
CWE-78, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 29, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 29, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <12.0.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

National Security Agency · Ghidraversion=0 <12.0.3

Published CVSS scores

8.8GitHub Security AdvisoryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo