Cryptographic validation bypass via zero-round primality test
Published Jun 23, 2026 · Updated Jun 23, 2026
Cryptographic validation flaw in Deno before 2.8.1 allows remote attackers to pass crafted composite numbers as prime. The node:crypto checkPrime and checkPrimeSync paths forward the default checks value of zero to is_probably_prime, skipping every Miller-Rabin round after limited trial division. Exposure requires an application to validate attacker-controlled numbers with default options and trust the result in a security-sensitive protocol, whose guarantees then depend on the crafted composite.
Summary
What happened
Cryptographic validation flaw in Deno before 2.8.1 allows remote attackers to pass crafted composite numbers as prime. The node:crypto checkPrime and checkPrimeSync paths forward the default checks value of zero to is_probably_prime, skipping every Miller-Rabin round after limited trial division. Exposure requires an application to validate attacker-controlled numbers with default options and trust the result in a security-sensitive protocol, whose guarantees then depend on the crafted composite.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-49440
- Published
- Jun 23, 2026
- Updated
- Jun 23, 2026
- Vendor
- Deno Land Inc.
- Product
- Deno
- Classifications
- CWE-325
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jun 23, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jun 23, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 2.8.1
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Deno checkPrime composite-number reproductionproof of concept · demonstrated
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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