CVE-2026-45585Public exploit

Encrypted-volume access via crafted WinRE transaction logs

Published May 19, 2026 · Updated May 19, 2026

Security feature bypass in BitLocker allows physically proximate attackers to access encrypted data on affected Windows releases. WinRE's autofstx.exe replays attacker-supplied FsTx transaction logs and exposes a SYSTEM command shell after auto-unlocking the protected volume. Physical access and TPM-only protection are required; TPM+PIN prevents exploitation.

CVSS severity6.8
Medium
EPSS probability1.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Security feature bypass in BitLocker allows physically proximate attackers to access encrypted data on affected Windows releases. WinRE's autofstx.exe replays attacker-supplied FsTx transaction logs and exposes a SYSTEM command shell after auto-unlocking the protected volume. Physical access and TPM-only protection are required; TPM+PIN prevents exploitation.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-45585
Published
May 19, 2026
Updated
May 19, 2026
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)
Classifications
CWE-77, T1005
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 19, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 19, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=-

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)version=-
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 25H2version=-
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 24H2version=-
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 26H1version=-
Microsoft · Windows Server 2025version=-

Published CVSS scores

6.8Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo