CVE-2026-45584Network attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via heap buffer overflow

Published May 20, 2026 · Updated May 20, 2026

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Malware Protection Engine before 1.1.26040.8 allows remote attackers to execute code over a network. Microsoft has not disclosed the affected routine, triggering input, or operation that exceeds the heap allocation. Exploitation requires no account and unspecified high-complexity conditions; successful attacks execute code on the protected host.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.85%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Malware Protection Engine before 1.1.26040.8 allows remote attackers to execute code over a network. Microsoft has not disclosed the affected routine, triggering input, or operation that exceeds the heap allocation. Exploitation requires no account and unspecified high-complexity conditions; successful attacks execute code on the protected host.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-45584
Published
May 20, 2026
Updated
May 20, 2026
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Microsoft Malware Protection Engine
Classifications
CWE-122, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 20, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 20, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=-

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Microsoft Malware Protection Engineversion=-

Published CVSS scores

8.1Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo