CVE-2026-45369Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary command execution via unescaped tool arguments

Published May 14, 2026 · Updated May 14, 2026

OS command injection in Python UTCP's utcp-cli 1.1.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through tool arguments. The _substitute_utcp_args method converts each untrusted tool_args value to a string and replaces a command placeholder without shell quoting before Bash or PowerShell executes the result. Exploitation requires a caller or workflow to pass attacker-controlled tool arguments to a configured CLI template; commands run with the host process's privileges.

CVSS severity8.3
High
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Python UTCP's utcp-cli 1.1.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through tool arguments. The _substitute_utcp_args method converts each untrusted tool_args value to a string and replaces a command placeholder without shell quoting before Bash or PowerShell executes the result. Exploitation requires a caller or workflow to pass attacker-controlled tool arguments to a configured CLI template; commands run with the host process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-45369
Published
May 14, 2026
Updated
May 14, 2026
Vendor
Universal Tool Calling Protocol
Product
Python UTCP
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059.001, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 14, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 14, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.1.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Universal Tool Calling Protocol · Python UTCPversion=< 1.1.2

Published CVSS scores

8.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059.001PowerShell
T1059.004Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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