Guest GPU memory escape via firmware TOCTOU
Published Sep 4, 2026 · Updated Sep 4, 2026
A TOCTOU race in Imagination Technologies Graphics DDK allows guest OS users to read or write beyond virtualized GPU memory. GPU firmware validates guest-provided data before using it to configure memory access, but psFWMemContext->uiPageCatBaseRegSet can change between the check and use, invalidating the earlier result. Exploitation requires kernel software running inside a guest VM and crosses that guest's virtualized GPU memory boundary.
Summary
What happened
A TOCTOU race in Imagination Technologies Graphics DDK allows guest OS users to read or write beyond virtualized GPU memory. GPU firmware validates guest-provided data before using it to configure memory access, but psFWMemContext->uiPageCatBaseRegSet can change between the check and use, invalidating the earlier result. Exploitation requires kernel software running inside a guest VM and crosses that guest's virtualized GPU memory boundary.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-45197
- Published
- Sep 4, 2026
- Updated
- Sep 4, 2026
- Vendor
- Imagination Technologies
- Product
- Graphics DDK
- Classifications
- CWE-367, CAPEC-480, T1611
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Sep 4, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Sep 4, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=1.18 RTM2
- Affected versionversion=23.2 RTM2
- Affected versionversion=24.2 RTM2
- Affected versionversion=25.1 RTM2 <=25.3 RTM
- Affected versionversion=26.1 RTM1
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
No CVSS assessment is available in this record.
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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