CVE-2026-39457

Local privilege escalation via out-of-bounds FD_SET write

Published Apr 30, 2026 · Updated Apr 30, 2026

Stack-based buffer overflow in FreeBSD libnv allows local users to corrupt stack memory through an oversized socket descriptor. The fd_wait function passes descriptors of 1024 or greater to FD_SET on a stack-allocated fd_set, causing an out-of-bounds write before select waits for socket data. Exploitation requires forcing a vulnerable libnv application to allocate or inherit a large descriptor; a setuid-root consumer permits elevation to root.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in FreeBSD libnv allows local users to corrupt stack memory through an oversized socket descriptor. The fd_wait function passes descriptors of 1024 or greater to FD_SET on a stack-allocated fd_set, causing an out-of-bounds write before select waits for socket data. Exploitation requires forcing a vulnerable libnv application to allocate or inherit a large descriptor; a setuid-root consumer permits elevation to root.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-39457
Published
Apr 30, 2026
Updated
Apr 30, 2026
Vendor
The FreeBSD Project
Product
FreeBSD
Classifications
CWE-121, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 30, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 30, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=13.5-RELEASE <p13
  2. Affected versionversion=14.3-RELEASE <p12
  3. Affected versionversion=14.4-RELEASE <p3
  4. Affected versionversion=15.0-RELEASE <p7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The FreeBSD Project · FreeBSDversion=13.5-RELEASE <p13; version=14.3-RELEASE <p12; version=14.4-RELEASE <p3; version=15.0-RELEASE <p7

Published CVSS scores

7.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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