Certificate forgery via skipped CA authorization checks
Published Mar 27, 2026 · Updated Mar 27, 2026
Certificate validation bypass in Digital Bazaar Forge before 1.4.0 allows remote attackers to forge certificates for arbitrary domains. The pki.verifyCertificateChain function skips both CA-authorization checks when an intermediate certificate omits basicConstraints and keyUsage, accepting it as a valid CA. An attacker must possess a trusted leaf certificate lacking those extensions; applications using this verifier then trust attacker-signed chains, enabling unauthorized impersonation and protected-data exposure or modification.
Summary
What happened
Certificate validation bypass in Digital Bazaar Forge before 1.4.0 allows remote attackers to forge certificates for arbitrary domains. The pki.verifyCertificateChain function skips both CA-authorization checks when an intermediate certificate omits basicConstraints and keyUsage, accepting it as a valid CA. An attacker must possess a trusted leaf certificate lacking those extensions; applications using this verifier then trust attacker-signed chains, enabling unauthorized impersonation and protected-data exposure or modification.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-33896
- Published
- Mar 27, 2026
- Updated
- Mar 27, 2026
- Vendor
- Digital Bazaar
- Product
- Forge
- Classifications
- CWE-295, T1649
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Mar 27, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Mar 27, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 1.4.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- GHSA-2328-f5f3-gj25 certificate-chain proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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