CVE-2026-33173Network attack vector

Content-type validation bypass via internal metadata flags

Published Mar 23, 2026 · Updated Mar 23, 2026

Metadata filtering failure in Rails Active Storage allows remote attackers to bypass content-type validation through direct uploads. DirectUploadsController persists client-supplied metadata without removing internal analyzed, identified, and composed flags, letting a client suppress automatic MIME identification and analysis. An application must expose direct uploads and rely on automatic identification; arbitrary content can then be submitted with a declared safe content type.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.39%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Metadata filtering failure in Rails Active Storage allows remote attackers to bypass content-type validation through direct uploads. DirectUploadsController persists client-supplied metadata without removing internal analyzed, identified, and composed flags, letting a client suppress automatic MIME identification and analysis. An application must expose direct uploads and rely on automatic identification; arbitrary content can then be submitted with a declared safe content type.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-33173
Published
Mar 23, 2026
Updated
Mar 23, 2026
Vendor
Rails
Product
Active Storage
Classifications
CWE-925, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 23, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 23, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 7.2.3.1
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 8.0.0.beta1, < 8.0.4.1
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 8.1.0.beta1, < 8.1.2.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Rails · Active Storageversion=< 7.2.3.1; version=>= 8.0.0.beta1, < 8.0.4.1; version=>= 8.1.0.beta1, < 8.1.2.1

Published CVSS scores

5.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-925Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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