CVE-2026-31997

Arbitrary command execution via executable rebind

Published Mar 19, 2026 · Updated Mar 19, 2026

TOCTOU in OpenClaw system.run approvals before 2026.3.1 allows local users to execute arbitrary commands through PATH-token rebinding. For host=node runs, approval validates command context but leaves a non-path-like argv[0] token unresolved until execution, so changed PATH resolution selects another binary. Exploitation requires low-privileged local access, control over PATH resolution after an operator approves the action, and operator interaction; the substituted binary runs with the approved action's authority.

CVSS severity4.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.09%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

TOCTOU in OpenClaw system.run approvals before 2026.3.1 allows local users to execute arbitrary commands through PATH-token rebinding. For host=node runs, approval validates command context but leaves a non-path-like argv[0] token unresolved until execution, so changed PATH resolution selects another binary. Exploitation requires low-privileged local access, control over PATH resolution after an operator approves the action, and operator interaction; the substituted binary runs with the approved action's authority.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-31997
Published
Mar 19, 2026
Updated
Mar 19, 2026
Vendor
OpenClaw Foundation
Product
OpenClaw
Classifications
CWE-426, CWE-367, T1574.007
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 19, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 19, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2026.3.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

OpenClaw Foundation · OpenClawversion=0 <2026.3.1

Published CVSS scores

6.7NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.0VulnCheckCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.4VulnCheckCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-426Untrusted Search Path
CWE-367Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
T1574.007PATH Environment Variable Hijacking

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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