CVE-2026-31413Public exploit

Local privilege escalation via BPF verifier divergence

Published Apr 12, 2026 · Updated Apr 12, 2026

Out-of-bounds access in affected Linux Kernel releases allows local users to read and write kernel memory via crafted eBPF programs. In maybe_fork_scalars(), a forked BPF_OR path skips the ALU instruction and records zero while runtime computes the constant, so unsafe map offsets pass verification. Exploitation requires BPF-loading privileges or enabled unprivileged BPF and grants arbitrary kernel read/write, including host-root or container escape.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds access in affected Linux Kernel releases allows local users to read and write kernel memory via crafted eBPF programs. In maybe_fork_scalars(), a forked BPF_OR path skips the ALU instruction and records zero while runtime computes the constant, so unsafe map offsets pass verification. Exploitation requires BPF-loading privileges or enabled unprivileged BPF and grants arbitrary kernel read/write, including host-root or container escape.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-31413
Published
Apr 12, 2026
Updated
Apr 12, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux Kernel
Classifications
CWE-125, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 12, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 12, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=4c122e8ae14950cf6b59d208fc5160f7c601e746 <58bd87d0e69204dbd739e4387a1edb0c4b1644e7
  2. Affected versionversion=7.0-rc1
  3. Affected versionversion=bffacdb80b93b7b5e96b26fad64cc490a6c7d6c7 <c845894ebd6fb43226b3118d6b017942550910c5
  4. Affected versionversion=dea9989a3f3961faede93752cd81eb5a9514d911 <342aa1ee995ef5bbf876096dc3a5e51218d76fa4
  5. Affected versionversion=e52567173ba86dbffb990595fbe60e2e83899372 <d13281ae7ea8902b21d99d10a2c8caf0bdec0455

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linux Kernelversion=4c122e8ae14950cf6b59d208fc5160f7c601e746 <58bd87d0e69204dbd739e4387a1edb0c4b1644e7; version=7.0-rc1; version=bffacdb80b93b7b5e96b26fad64cc490a6c7d6c7 <c845894ebd6fb43226b3118d6b017942550910c5; version=dea9989a3f3961faede93752cd81eb5a9514d911 <342aa1ee995ef5bbf876096dc3a5e51218d76fa4; version=e52567173ba86dbffb990595fbe60e2e83899372 <d13281ae7ea8902b21d99d10a2c8caf0bdec0455

Published CVSS scores

7.8kernel.orgCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.3UbuntuCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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