CVE-2026-31219Network attack vector

Authenticated code execution via unsafe model deserialization

Published May 12, 2026 · Updated May 12, 2026

Insecure deserialization in Nebuly AI Optimate commit a6d302f allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a crafted model file. The _load_model() function passes the --model path to torch.load() without weights_only=True, allowing Pickle to instantiate attacker-controlled Python objects. Execution requires an attacker-supplied .pt or .pth file to be selected for loading, and the resulting code runs with the training process's privileges.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.56%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Insecure deserialization in Nebuly AI Optimate commit a6d302f allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a crafted model file. The _load_model() function passes the --model path to torch.load() without weights_only=True, allowing Pickle to instantiate attacker-controlled Python objects. Execution requires an attacker-supplied .pt or .pth file to be selected for loading, and the resulting code runs with the training process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-31219
Published
May 12, 2026
Updated
May 12, 2026
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-502, CAPEC-586, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 12, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 12, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

8.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CAPEC-586Object Injection
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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