Authenticated RCE via unrestricted Twig object creation
Published Mar 4, 2026 · Updated Mar 4, 2026
Template injection in Pixel & Tonic Craft CMS allows remote authenticated users to execute commands through crafted title formats. The Twig create() function passes attacker-controlled class names and constructor arguments to Craft::createObject(), enabling Symfony Process instantiation and command execution. Exploitation requires Administrator permissions or System Messages utility access; production also requires allowAdminChanges unless System Messages is available.
Summary
What happened
Template injection in Pixel & Tonic Craft CMS allows remote authenticated users to execute commands through crafted title formats. The Twig create() function passes attacker-controlled class names and constructor arguments to Craft::createObject(), enabling Symfony Process instantiation and command execution. Exploitation requires Administrator permissions or System Messages utility access; production also requires allowAdminChanges unless System Messages is available.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-28695
- Published
- Mar 4, 2026
- Updated
- Mar 4, 2026
- Vendor
- Pixel & Tonic
- Product
- Craft CMS
- Classifications
- CWE-1336, T1059
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Mar 4, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Mar 4, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=>= 4.0.0-RC1, < 4.17.0-beta.1
- Affected versionversion=>= 5.8.7, < 5.9.0-beta.1
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- GHSA-94rc-cqvm-m4pw Twig create() proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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