CVE-2026-28485

Unauthorized browser actions via unauthenticated agent route

Published Mar 5, 2026 · Updated Mar 5, 2026

Missing authentication in OpenClaw 2026.1.5 through 2026.2.9 allows local users to invoke privileged browser actions via /agent/act. The route dispatcher accepted high-privilege action requests without requiring a Gateway token or password when authentication was not configured. Exposure requires access to the loopback-bound browser-control interface, where an unauthenticated caller can manipulate managed sessions and read sensitive in-session data.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Missing authentication in OpenClaw 2026.1.5 through 2026.2.9 allows local users to invoke privileged browser actions via /agent/act. The route dispatcher accepted high-privilege action requests without requiring a Gateway token or password when authentication was not configured. Exposure requires access to the loopback-bound browser-control interface, where an unauthenticated caller can manipulate managed sessions and read sensitive in-session data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-28485
Published
Mar 5, 2026
Updated
Mar 5, 2026
Vendor
OpenClaw Foundation
Product
OpenClaw
Classifications
CWE-306, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 5, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2026.1.5 <2026.2.12

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

OpenClaw Foundation · OpenClawversion=2026.1.5 <2026.2.12

Published CVSS scores

7.5VulnCheckCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.4VulnCheckCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.0GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-306Missing Authentication for Critical Function
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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