CVE-2026-28463

Arbitrary file read via safe-bin shell expansion

Published Mar 5, 2026 · Updated Mar 5, 2026

OS command injection in OpenClaw before 2026.2.14 allows attackers to read local files through safe-bin shell expansion. The exec-approvals allowlist validates argv before sh -c expands glob and environment-variable tokens, so head, tail, or grep receives unintended file paths. Reachability requires gateway or node host execution in allowlist mode; the default sandbox setting is not affected, and disclosure is limited to files readable by the process.

CVSS severity8.6
High
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in OpenClaw before 2026.2.14 allows attackers to read local files through safe-bin shell expansion. The exec-approvals allowlist validates argv before sh -c expands glob and environment-variable tokens, so head, tail, or grep receives unintended file paths. Reachability requires gateway or node host execution in allowlist mode; the default sandbox setting is not affected, and disclosure is limited to files readable by the process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-28463
Published
Mar 5, 2026
Updated
Mar 5, 2026
Vendor
OpenClaw Foundation
Product
OpenClaw
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059.004, T1005
Attack vector
local
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 5, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2026.2.14

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

OpenClaw Foundation · OpenClawversion=0 <2026.2.14

Published CVSS scores

8.6VulnCheckCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
8.4VulnCheckCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059.004Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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