CVE-2026-26045Network attack vector

Authenticated code execution via unsafe file-source deserialization

Published Feb 21, 2026 · Updated Feb 21, 2026

Code injection in Moodle LMS before 4.5.9, 5.0.0 through 5.0.4, and 5.1.0 through 5.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. During backup restoration, repository file-source data reaches PHP unserialize() calls in public/repository/coursefiles/lib.php and public/repository/lib.php without restricting object instantiation. Restore privileges and a crafted backup are required; successful object injection runs in the web-server context and can fully compromise the Moodle server.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability0.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Moodle LMS before 4.5.9, 5.0.0 through 5.0.4, and 5.1.0 through 5.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. During backup restoration, repository file-source data reaches PHP unserialize() calls in public/repository/coursefiles/lib.php and public/repository/lib.php without restricting object instantiation. Restore privileges and a crafted backup are required; successful object injection runs in the web-server context and can fully compromise the Moodle server.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-26045
Published
Feb 21, 2026
Updated
Feb 21, 2026
Vendor
Moodle
Product
Moodle LMS
Classifications
CWE-94, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 21, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 21, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <4.5.9
  2. Affected versionversion=5.0.0 <5.0.5
  3. Affected versionversion=5.1.0 <5.1.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Moodle · Moodle LMSversion=0 <4.5.9; version=5.0.0 <5.0.5; version=5.1.0 <5.1.2

Published CVSS scores

7.2Fedora ProjectCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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