Local BPF JIT hardening bypass via unblinded immediates
Published Apr 2, 2026 · Updated Apr 2, 2026
Improper BPF JIT constant blinding in Linux Kernel 6.9 and later allows local users to retain attacker-chosen immediates in native code. In bpf_jit_blind_insn(), the switch handles BPF_ST|BPF_MEM but omits verifier-rewritten BPF_ST|BPF_PROBE_MEM32 stores, so their 32-bit values pass into JIT output without blinding. Reachability requires permission to load a qualifying BPF arena program with bpf_jit_harden set to at least 1; the published evidence establishes weakened JIT hardening but does not describe a standalone privilege gain or crash.
Summary
What happened
Improper BPF JIT constant blinding in Linux Kernel 6.9 and later allows local users to retain attacker-chosen immediates in native code. In bpf_jit_blind_insn(), the switch handles BPF_ST|BPF_MEM but omits verifier-rewritten BPF_ST|BPF_PROBE_MEM32 stores, so their 32-bit values pass into JIT output without blinding. Reachability requires permission to load a qualifying BPF arena program with bpf_jit_harden set to at least 1; the published evidence establishes weakened JIT hardening but does not describe a standalone privilege gain or crash.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-23417
- Published
- Apr 2, 2026
- Updated
- Apr 2, 2026
- Vendor
- The Linux Kernel Organization
- Product
- Linux Kernel
- Classifications
- Unavailable
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Apr 2, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Apr 2, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=6082b6c328b5486da2b356eae94b8b83c98b5565 <2321a9596d2260310267622e0ad8fbfa6f95378f
- Affected versionversion=6082b6c328b5486da2b356eae94b8b83c98b5565 <56af722756ed82fee2ae5d5b4d04743407506195
- Affected versionversion=6082b6c328b5486da2b356eae94b8b83c98b5565 <ccbf29b28b5554f9d65b2fb53b994673ad58b3bf
- Affected versionversion=6082b6c328b5486da2b356eae94b8b83c98b5565 <de641ea08f8fff6906e169d2576c2ac54e562fbb
- Affected versionversion=6.9
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
No sourced classifications are available.
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo