CVE-2026-23233Public exploit

System corruption via incomplete F2FS swap mapping

Published Mar 4, 2026 · Updated Mar 4, 2026

Data corruption in affected Linux Kernel releases allows local users to reboot or hang systems through fragmented F2FS swapfiles. In fs/f2fs/data.c, check_swap_activate treats an unaligned first extent under 2 MB as the last extent and omits later mappings, so swap writes target other files' blocks. Exploitation requires an F2FS swapfile smaller than one section with multiple physical extents, and the resulting corruption can trigger dm-verity reboots or F2FS boot hangs.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.16%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Data corruption in affected Linux Kernel releases allows local users to reboot or hang systems through fragmented F2FS swapfiles. In fs/f2fs/data.c, check_swap_activate treats an unaligned first extent under 2 MB as the last extent and omits later mappings, so swap writes target other files' blocks. Exploitation requires an F2FS swapfile smaller than one section with multiple physical extents, and the resulting corruption can trigger dm-verity reboots or F2FS boot hangs.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-23233
Published
Mar 4, 2026
Updated
Mar 4, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux Kernel
Classifications
CWE-787, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 4, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 4, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=40d76c393cca83938b11eb7ca8983aa3cd0ed69b <d4534a7f6c92baaf7e12a45fc6e37332cafafc33
  2. Affected versionversion=6.9
  3. Affected versionversion=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <1ff415eef513bf12deb058fc50d57788c46c48e6
  4. Affected versionversion=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <5c145c03188bc9ba1c29e0bc4d527a5978fc47f9
  5. Affected versionversion=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <607cb9d83838d2cd9f0406c2403ed61aadf0edff
  6. Affected versionversion=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <fee27b69dde1a05908b350eea42937af2387c4fe

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linux Kernelversion=40d76c393cca83938b11eb7ca8983aa3cd0ed69b <d4534a7f6c92baaf7e12a45fc6e37332cafafc33; version=6.9; version=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <1ff415eef513bf12deb058fc50d57788c46c48e6; version=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <5c145c03188bc9ba1c29e0bc4d527a5978fc47f9; version=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <607cb9d83838d2cd9f0406c2403ed61aadf0edff; version=9703d69d9d153bb230711d0d577454552aeb13d4 <fee27b69dde1a05908b350eea42937af2387c4fe

Published CVSS scores

7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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