CVE-2026-18992Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authorization bypass via unrestricted MCP tool resynchronization

Published Aug 6, 2026 · Updated Aug 6, 2026

Incorrect authorization in CowAgent 2.1.0 through 2.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to regain restricted MCP tools. AgentStreamExecutor unconditionally calls ToolManager.sync_mcp_into_agent during background review, appending loaded MCP tools without reapplying _select_tools. Exploitation requires enabled Self-Evolution, a configured MCP tool, and tool-capable model execution; resulting actions are limited by that tool and the CowAgent process privileges.

CVSS severity6.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Incorrect authorization in CowAgent 2.1.0 through 2.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to regain restricted MCP tools. AgentStreamExecutor unconditionally calls ToolManager.sync_mcp_into_agent during background review, appending loaded MCP tools without reapplying _select_tools. Exploitation requires enabled Self-Evolution, a configured MCP tool, and tool-capable model execution; resulting actions are limited by that tool and the CowAgent process privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-18992
Published
Aug 6, 2026
Updated
Aug 6, 2026
Vendor
zhayujie
Product
CowAgent
Classifications
CWE-285, CWE-863, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 6, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 6, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.1.0
  2. Affected versionversion=2.1.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

zhayujie · CowAgentversion=2.1.0; version=2.1.1

Published CVSS scores

6.3VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.5VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
2.1VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-285Improper Authorization
CWE-863Incorrect Authorization
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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