Authenticated ciphertext forgery via length-dependent KDF split
Published Aug 3, 2026 · Updated Aug 3, 2026
MAC validation flaw in Bouncy Castle Java before 1.85 and Bouncy Castle Java LTS before 2.73.12 allows attackers to forge authenticated ciphertexts. IESEngine's four-argument static-key stream mode derives the XOR keystream before the MAC key, so the MAC-key offset varies with message length and known plaintext reveals prefix-stable KDF bytes. A passive observer needs one known plaintext-ciphertext pair and no private key to forge arbitrary shorter ciphertexts accepted by the recipient.
Summary
What happened
MAC validation flaw in Bouncy Castle Java before 1.85 and Bouncy Castle Java LTS before 2.73.12 allows attackers to forge authenticated ciphertexts. IESEngine's four-argument static-key stream mode derives the XOR keystream before the MAC key, so the MAC-key offset varies with message length and known plaintext reveals prefix-stable KDF bytes. A passive observer needs one known plaintext-ciphertext pair and no private key to forge arbitrary shorter ciphertexts accepted by the recipient.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2026-12816
- Published
- Aug 3, 2026
- Updated
- Aug 3, 2026
- Vendor
- Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc.
- Product
- Bouncy Castle Java
- Classifications
- CWE-354, T1565.002
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Aug 3, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Aug 3, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=0 <1.85
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- IESEngine static-key stream forgery regressionproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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