CVE-2026-12634Public exploit

Denial of service via unclamped nvs_read length

Published Aug 19, 2026 · Updated Aug 20, 2026

Out-of-bounds write in the settings NVS backend in Zephyr RTOS before 4.5.0 allows local users to crash the system via a crafted stored name entry. In settings_nvs_cache_match(), settings_nvs_load(), and settings_nvs_save(), the code uses the full length returned by nvs_read() as the index for a trailing NUL in a fixed 74-byte stack buffer, even when nvs_read() copied only a truncated prefix. Reachability is limited to actors that can persist an oversized setting name or otherwise alter the flash-backed settings partition before settings_load() or settings_save(); the practical result is a crash and limited stack corruption rather than reliable code execution.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.10%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds write in the settings NVS backend in Zephyr RTOS before 4.5.0 allows local users to crash the system via a crafted stored name entry. In settings_nvs_cache_match(), settings_nvs_load(), and settings_nvs_save(), the code uses the full length returned by nvs_read() as the index for a trailing NUL in a fixed 74-byte stack buffer, even when nvs_read() copied only a truncated prefix. Reachability is limited to actors that can persist an oversized setting name or otherwise alter the flash-backed settings partition before settings_load() or settings_save(); the practical result is a crash and limited stack corruption rather than reliable code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2026-12634
Published
Aug 19, 2026
Updated
Aug 20, 2026
Vendor
Zephyr Project
Product
Zephyr RTOS
Classifications
CWE-787
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 19, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 20, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.0.0 <4.5.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Zephyr Project · Zephyr RTOSversion=2.0.0 <4.5.0

Published CVSS scores

5.3Zephyr ProjectCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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