CVE-2025-9965Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Application theft and replacement via unauthenticated UDP service

Published Sep 23, 2025 · Updated Mar 31, 2026

Improper authentication in Novakon P Series HMI before P-2.0.05 allows remote attackers to upload or download applications over UDP. The application-transfer service on UDP port 60681 accepts upload and download operations without requiring authentication. Network reachability is sufficient to retrieve or replace deployed HMI applications, and a demonstrated chain used the upload path for an initial foothold.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability0.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper authentication in Novakon P Series HMI before P-2.0.05 allows remote attackers to upload or download applications over UDP. The application-transfer service on UDP port 60681 accepts upload and download operations without requiring authentication. Network reachability is sufficient to retrieve or replace deployed HMI applications, and a demonstrated chain used the upload path for an initial foothold.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9965
Published
Sep 23, 2025
Updated
Mar 31, 2026
Vendor
Novakon Co., Ltd.
Product
P Series HMI
Classifications
CWE-287, CAPEC-114, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 23, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 31, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=P – V2001.A.c518o2 <=P-V2005

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Novakon Co., Ltd. · P Series HMIversion=P – V2001.A.c518o2 <=P-V2005

Published CVSS scores

9.3CyberDanubeCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-287Improper Authentication
CAPEC-114Authentication Abuse
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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