CVE-2025-9731

Credential disclosure via hard-coded shadow entry

Published Aug 31, 2025 · Updated Sep 2, 2025

Hard-coded credentials in Tenda AC9 15.03.05.19 allow local users to disclose credential data through the administrative firmware. The firmware stores a fixed credential in /etc_ro/shadow, exposing the same secret to a low-privileged local account that can access the entry. The published record limits the demonstrated consequence to local confidentiality loss and does not describe remote login or configuration changes.

CVSS severity7.0
High
EPSS probability0.14%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hard-coded credentials in Tenda AC9 15.03.05.19 allow local users to disclose credential data through the administrative firmware. The firmware stores a fixed credential in /etc_ro/shadow, exposing the same secret to a low-privileged local account that can access the entry. The published record limits the demonstrated consequence to local confidentiality loss and does not describe remote login or configuration changes.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9731
Published
Aug 31, 2025
Updated
Sep 2, 2025
Vendor
Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd.
Product
AC9
Classifications
CWE-259, CWE-798, T1003.008
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 31, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 2, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=15.03.05.19

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd. · AC9version=15.03.05.19

Published CVSS scores

1.0VulDBAV:L/AC:H/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N
7.0NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
2.5VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
1.1VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-259Use of Hard-coded Password
CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
T1003.008OS Credential Dumping: /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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