CVE-2025-9497

Malicious updates via embedded decryption passwords

Published Mar 28, 2026 · Updated Mar 28, 2026

Hard-coded credentials in Microchip TimeProvider 4100 before 2.5.0 allow local users to install malicious updates. Passwords embedded in the appliance firmware decrypt its configuration file and filesystem package, exposing material needed to prepare altered upgrade content. Exploitation requires prior root access to the unit and knowledge of the upgrade package structure, making this a post-compromise path to firmware tampering.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.32%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hard-coded credentials in Microchip TimeProvider 4100 before 2.5.0 allow local users to install malicious updates. Passwords embedded in the appliance firmware decrypt its configuration file and filesystem package, exposing material needed to prepare altered upgrade content. Exploitation requires prior root access to the unit and knowledge of the upgrade package structure, making this a post-compromise path to firmware tampering.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9497
Published
Mar 28, 2026
Updated
Mar 28, 2026
Vendor
Microchip Technology
Product
TimeProvider 4100
Classifications
CWE-798, CAPEC-533, T1552.001
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 28, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 28, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2.5.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Microchip Technology · TimeProvider 4100version=0 <2.5.0

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5Microchip TechnologyCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:H/SA:L/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
CAPEC-533Malicious Manual Software Update
T1552.001Unsecured Credentials: Credentials In Files

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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