CVE-2025-9485Network attack vector

Unauthenticated account takeover via unverified JWT claims

Published Oct 4, 2025 · Updated Oct 4, 2025

Authentication bypass in miniOrange OAuth SSO Client 6.26.12 and earlier allows remote attackers to access WordPress accounts via forged JWTs. The get_resource_owner_from_id_token function decodes and trusts identity claims from an ID token without verifying its signature or validating the token. Reaching the flaw requires an enabled OAuth or OpenID Connect SSO flow; forged claims can take over matched users, including administrators in certain configurations, or create subscriber accounts.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.60%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in miniOrange OAuth SSO Client 6.26.12 and earlier allows remote attackers to access WordPress accounts via forged JWTs. The get_resource_owner_from_id_token function decodes and trusts identity claims from an ID token without verifying its signature or validating the token. Reaching the flaw requires an enabled OAuth or OpenID Connect SSO flow; forged claims can take over matched users, including administrators in certain configurations, or create subscriber accounts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9485
Published
Oct 4, 2025
Updated
Oct 4, 2025
Vendor
miniOrange
Product
OAuth Single Sign On – SSO (OAuth Client)
Classifications
CWE-347, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 4, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=* <=6.26.12

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

miniOrange · OAuth Single Sign On – SSO (OAuth Client)version=* <=6.26.12

Published CVSS scores

9.8WordfenceCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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