CVE-2025-9394Public exploit

Application crash via malformed PDF dictionary

Published Aug 24, 2025 · Updated Aug 25, 2025

Use-after-free in PoDoFo 1.1.0-dev allows local users to crash applications that parse a malformed PDF dictionary. PdfTokenizer::DetermineDataType returns after an invalid numeric token without reconstructing the PdfVariant union's null member, causing later destruction to access freed PdfName data. Triggering requires local low-privileged execution of a PoDoFo-based parser against a crafted PDF; the demonstrated result is a heap read-after-free and process abort.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in PoDoFo 1.1.0-dev allows local users to crash applications that parse a malformed PDF dictionary. PdfTokenizer::DetermineDataType returns after an invalid numeric token without reconstructing the PdfVariant union's null member, causing later destruction to access freed PdfName data. Triggering requires local low-privileged execution of a PoDoFo-based parser against a crafted PDF; the demonstrated result is a heap read-after-free and process abort.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9394
Published
Aug 24, 2025
Updated
Aug 25, 2025
Vendor
PoDoFo Project
Product
PoDoFo
Classifications
CWE-119, CWE-416, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.1.0-dev

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

PoDoFo Project · PoDoFoversion=1.1.0-dev

Published CVSS scores

4.3VulDB CNAAV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
1.9VulDB CNACVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.3VulDB CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CWE-416Use After Free
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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