CVE-2025-9341

Application crash via unreclaimed native CBC ciphers

Published Aug 22, 2025 · Updated Oct 24, 2025

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS 2.1.0 and Java LTS 2.73.0 through 2.73.7 allows local users to crash applications. A non-static Disposer inner class in AESNativeCBC retains its enclosing cipher instance, so some garbage collectors do not reclaim native CBC ciphers after use. Repeated creation of native AES-CBC ciphers on any JVM exhausts the heap, raises OutOfMemoryError, and terminates the calling application.

CVSS severity5.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.16%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS 2.1.0 and Java LTS 2.73.0 through 2.73.7 allows local users to crash applications. A non-static Disposer inner class in AESNativeCBC retains its enclosing cipher instance, so some garbage collectors do not reclaim native CBC ciphers after use. Repeated creation of native AES-CBC ciphers on any JVM exhausts the heap, raises OutOfMemoryError, and terminates the calling application.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9341
Published
Aug 22, 2025
Updated
Oct 24, 2025
Vendor
Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc.
Product
Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS
Classifications
CWE-400, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 22, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. · Bouncy Castle for Java FIPSversion=2.1.0
Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. · Bouncy Castle for Java LTSversion=2.73.0 <=2.73.7

Published CVSS scores

5.9GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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