CVE-2025-9309Public exploit

Root credential disclosure via crackable firmware hash

Published Aug 21, 2025 · Updated Aug 21, 2025

Hard-coded credentials in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13 allow local users to recover the root password from the firmware image. The root entry in /etc_ro/shadow stores a fixed password under MD5-crypt, and offline cracking of the extracted firmware reveals the reusable credential. Access to the firmware image and substantial cracking effort are required; the recovered credential enables root login through exposed management services.

CVSS severity2.5
Low
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hard-coded credentials in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13 allow local users to recover the root password from the firmware image. The root entry in /etc_ro/shadow stores a fixed password under MD5-crypt, and offline cracking of the extracted firmware reveals the reusable credential. Access to the firmware image and substantial cracking effort are required; the recovered credential enables root login through exposed management services.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9309
Published
Aug 21, 2025
Updated
Aug 21, 2025
Vendor
Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd.
Product
AC10
Classifications
CWE-259, CWE-798, T1552.001
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=16.03.10.13

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd. · AC10version=16.03.10.13

Published CVSS scores

2.5VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
7.0NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
1.0VulDBAV:L/AC:H/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N
1.1VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-259Use of Hard-coded Password
CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
T1552.001Unsecured Credentials: Credentials In Files

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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