CVE-2025-9290Hinoki check available

Authentication forgery via predictable adoption salts

Published Jan 22, 2026 · Updated Jan 23, 2026

Authentication weakness in TP-Link Omada products allows attackers to forge adoption authentication and expose sensitive information. The protocol v2 adoption exchange permits non-unique or empty salt values, making credential-derived hashes static enough for offline precomputation. Exploitation requires interception of controller-device adoption traffic from an advanced adjacent-network position; confidentiality is affected, not integrity or availability.

CVSS severity6.0
Medium
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
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Summary

What happened

Authentication weakness in TP-Link Omada products allows attackers to forge adoption authentication and expose sensitive information. The protocol v2 adoption exchange permits non-unique or empty salt values, making credential-derived hashes static enough for offline precomputation. Exploitation requires interception of controller-device adoption traffic from an advanced adjacent-network position; confidentiality is affected, not integrity or availability.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9290
Published
Jan 22, 2026
Updated
Jan 23, 2026
Vendor
TP-Link Systems Inc.
Product
OC220
Classifications
CWE-330, CAPEC-112, T1557
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 22, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 23, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <5.15.24

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

TP-Link Systems Inc. · OC220version=0 <5.15.24
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada Gatewaysversion=0 <1.1.0; version=0 <1.2.x; version=0 <1.3.x
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada EAP100-Bridge KITversion=0 <1.0.3 Build 20251015 Rel.62058
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER8411version=0 <1.3.5 Build 20251028 Rel.06811
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Festa FR365version=0 <1.1.10 Build 20250626 Rel.81746
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER701-5G-Outdoorversion=0 <1.0.0 Build 20250826 Rel.68862
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada Hardware Controllersversion=0 <6.0.0.34
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada Beam Bridge 5 UR KITversion=0 <1.1.5 Build 20250928 Rel.68499
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada Access Pointsversion=0 <1.0.1 Build 20250819 Rel.60298; version=0 <1.1.0; version=0 <1.1.2; version=0 <1.1.4 Build 20251112 Rel.34769; version=0 <1.3.2 Build 20250901 Rel.52255; version=0 <1.3.3 Build 20251111 Rel.72627; version=0 <1.4.2 Build 20251208 Rel.43830; version=0 <1.5.1; version=0 <1.5.10 Build 20250903 Rel.49784; version=0 <1.6.1; version=0 <3.3.1 Build 20251203 Rel.58135
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER7212PCversion=0 <2.2.1 Build 20251027 Rel.75129
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER7206version=0 <2.2.2 Build 20250724 Rel.11109
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada Software Controllerversion=0 <6.0.0.24
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER706W-4Gversion=0 <2.1.0 Build 20250810 Rel.77020
TP-Link Systems Inc. · Omada Cloud-Based Controllerversion=0 <6.0.0.100
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER605version=0 <2.3.2 Build 20251029 Rel.12727
TP-Link Systems Inc. · G36W-4Gversion=0 <1.1.5 Build 20250710 Rel.62142
TP-Link Systems Inc. · EAP655-Wallversion=0 <1.6.2 Build 20251107 Rel.35700
TP-Link Systems Inc. · ER605Wversion=0 <2.0.2 Build 20250723 Rel.39048

Published CVSS scores

6.0TP-Link Systems Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-330Use of Insufficiently Random Values
CAPEC-112Brute Force
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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