CVE-2025-9230Network attack vector

Code execution via faulty KEK length check

Published Sep 30, 2025 · Updated Sep 30, 2025

Out-of-bounds access in OpenSSL CMS PWRI decryption allows remote attackers to crash applications or execute code via crafted messages. The kek_unwrap_key() length check subtracts four from the unwrapped length instead of adding four, permitting an eight-byte overread and a four-byte overwrite. The path is reached only when an application decrypts password-encrypted CMS messages; this rarely used mode lies outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability1.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds access in OpenSSL CMS PWRI decryption allows remote attackers to crash applications or execute code via crafted messages. The kek_unwrap_key() length check subtracts four from the unwrapped length instead of adding four, permitting an eight-byte overread and a four-byte overwrite. The path is reached only when an application decrypts password-encrypted CMS messages; this rarely used mode lies outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9230
Published
Sep 30, 2025
Updated
Sep 30, 2025
Vendor
OpenSSL Project
Product
OpenSSL
Classifications
CWE-787, CWE-125
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0.2 <1.0.2zm
  2. Affected versionversion=1.1.1 <1.1.1zd
  3. Affected versionversion=3.0.0 <3.0.18
  4. Affected versionversion=3.2.0 <3.2.6
  5. Affected versionversion=3.3.0 <3.3.5
  6. Affected versionversion=3.4.0 <3.4.3
  7. Affected versionversion=3.5.0 <3.5.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

OpenSSL Project · OpenSSLversion=1.0.2 <1.0.2zm; version=1.1.1 <1.1.1zd; version=3.0.0 <3.0.18; version=3.2.0 <3.2.6; version=3.3.0 <3.3.5; version=3.4.0 <3.4.3; version=3.5.0 <3.5.4

Published CVSS scores

7.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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