CVE-2025-9089Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Code execution via unchecked IP-MAC rule copy

Published Aug 16, 2025 · Updated Aug 16, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in Tenda AC20 firmware 16.03.08.12 allows remote authenticated users to execute code via a crafted list parameter. The sub_48E628 function copies each user-controlled IP-MAC rule into a 128-byte stack buffer with strcpy without checking its length. A valid management session is required; successful exploitation can execute code or crash or reboot the router.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.13%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in Tenda AC20 firmware 16.03.08.12 allows remote authenticated users to execute code via a crafted list parameter. The sub_48E628 function copies each user-controlled IP-MAC rule into a 128-byte stack buffer with strcpy without checking its length. A valid management session is required; successful exploitation can execute code or crash or reboot the router.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-9089
Published
Aug 16, 2025
Updated
Aug 16, 2025
Vendor
Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd.
Product
AC20
Classifications
CWE-119, CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=16.03.08.12

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd. · AC20version=16.03.08.12

Published CVSS scores

7.4VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
8.8VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.0VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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