Authentication bypass via encoded path mismatch
Published Dec 29, 2025 · Updated Dec 29, 2025
Authentication bypass in Nest before 11.1.11 allows remote attackers to reach middleware-protected routes via encoded URL paths. Fastify evaluates an encoded path such as /%61dmin against Nest middleware before routing decodes it to /admin, so the middleware misses while the controller matches. Exposure requires @nestjs/platform-fastify and security or validation middleware scoped by string paths or controllers; bypassed checks permit unauthorized reads or state-changing actions available at the target route.
Summary
What happened
Authentication bypass in Nest before 11.1.11 allows remote attackers to reach middleware-protected routes via encoded URL paths. Fastify evaluates an encoded path such as /%61dmin against Nest middleware before routing decodes it to /admin, so the middleware misses while the controller matches. Exposure requires @nestjs/platform-fastify and security or validation middleware scoped by string paths or controllers; bypassed checks permit unauthorized reads or state-changing actions available at the target route.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-69211
- Published
- Dec 29, 2025
- Updated
- Dec 29, 2025
- Vendor
- NestJS
- Product
- Nest
- Classifications
- CWE-367, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Dec 29, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Dec 29, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 11.1.11
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Encoded-character middleware-bypass demonstrationproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo