CVE-2025-68973Public exploit

Memory corruption via double-incremented armor buffer index

Published Dec 28, 2025 · Updated Dec 28, 2025

Out-of-bounds writes in GnuPG 2.3.0 through 2.4.8 and ExtendedLTS before 2.2.51 allow attackers to corrupt memory via crafted input. The armor_filter loop increments its output index in both the loop header and copy statement, then returns a length larger than the caller requested. Exploitation requires GnuPG to process specially structured ASCII-armored input; a public proof of concept reaches the fault, but no full code-execution chain is published.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds writes in GnuPG 2.3.0 through 2.4.8 and ExtendedLTS before 2.2.51 allow attackers to corrupt memory via crafted input. The armor_filter loop increments its output index in both the loop header and copy statement, then returns a length larger than the caller requested. Exploitation requires GnuPG to process specially structured ASCII-armored input; a public proof of concept reaches the fault, but no full code-execution chain is published.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-68973
Published
Dec 28, 2025
Updated
Dec 28, 2025
Vendor
The GnuPG Project
Product
GnuPG
Classifications
CWE-675, CWE-787
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=2.4.8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The GnuPG Project · GnuPGversion=0 <=2.4.8

Published CVSS scores

7.0NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8MITRECVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-675Multiple Operations on Resource in Single-Operation Context
CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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