CVE-2025-68195

Kernel memory disclosure and crash via unterminated array

Published Dec 16, 2025 · Updated Dec 16, 2025

Out-of-bounds access in the Linux kernel allows local users to disclose kernel memory or crash Zen 5 systems during CPU initialization. The zen5_rdseed_microcode table lacks its required empty sentinel, so x86_match_min_microcode_rev() continues reading entries beyond the array. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access and a Zen 5 CPU; the published assessment reports no integrity impact.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.14%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds access in the Linux kernel allows local users to disclose kernel memory or crash Zen 5 systems during CPU initialization. The zen5_rdseed_microcode table lacks its required empty sentinel, so x86_match_min_microcode_rev() continues reading entries beyond the array. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access and a Zen 5 CPU; the published assessment reports no integrity impact.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-68195
Published
Dec 16, 2025
Updated
Dec 16, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=36ff93e66d0efc46e39fab536a9feec968daa766 <4c6b56a76478bd1ab609827c571905386c11d308
  2. Affected versionversion=607b9fb2ce248cc5b633c5949e0153838992c152 <f1fdffe0afea02ba783acfe815b6a60e7180df40
  3. Affected versionversion=e980de2ff109dacb6d9d3a77f01b27c467115ecb

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=36ff93e66d0efc46e39fab536a9feec968daa766 <4c6b56a76478bd1ab609827c571905386c11d308; version=607b9fb2ce248cc5b633c5949e0153838992c152 <f1fdffe0afea02ba783acfe815b6a60e7180df40; version=e980de2ff109dacb6d9d3a77f01b27c467115ecb

Published CVSS scores

7.1kernel.orgCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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