Remote code execution via unchecked SQLite record cast
Published Dec 14, 2025 · Updated Dec 14, 2025
Heap-based buffer overflow in Exim 4.99 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted SQLite-backed rate-limit records. The SQLite hints-database path casts attacker-influenced records directly to internal rate-limit structures without validating their size before heap writes. Exploitation requires a non-default rate-limit configuration using SQLite lookups or an SQLite hints database, and successful corruption executes code as the Exim runtime user.
Summary
What happened
Heap-based buffer overflow in Exim 4.99 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted SQLite-backed rate-limit records. The SQLite hints-database path casts attacker-influenced records directly to internal rate-limit structures without validating their size before heap writes. Exploitation requires a non-default rate-limit configuration using SQLite lookups or an SQLite hints database, and successful corruption executes code as the Exim runtime user.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-67896
- Published
- Dec 14, 2025
- Updated
- Dec 14, 2025
- Vendor
- LibSPF2 Project
- Product
- Exim
- Classifications
- CWE-122, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Dec 14, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Dec 14, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=4.99 <4.99.1
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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