CVE-2025-66581Network attack vector

Student privilege abuse via unenforced API authorization

Published Dec 5, 2025 · Updated Dec 5, 2025

Incorrect authorization in Frappe Learning before 2.41.0 allows remote authenticated users to perform restricted LMS actions through APIs. Multiple server endpoints trust client-side or UI role checks and execute API requests without enforcing the caller's permissions. A student account is sufficient to alter course or batch metadata, enroll users in unpublished batches, delete sidebar pages, issue certificates, send announcements, or assign badges.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Incorrect authorization in Frappe Learning before 2.41.0 allows remote authenticated users to perform restricted LMS actions through APIs. Multiple server endpoints trust client-side or UI role checks and execute API requests without enforcing the caller's permissions. A student account is sufficient to alter course or batch metadata, enroll users in unpublished batches, delete sidebar pages, issue certificates, send announcements, or assign badges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-66581
Published
Dec 5, 2025
Updated
Dec 5, 2025
Vendor
Frappe Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Product
Frappe Learning
Classifications
CWE-863, T1565.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 5, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.41.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Frappe Technologies Pvt. Ltd. · Frappe Learningversion=< 2.41.0

Published CVSS scores

1.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
6.5NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-863Incorrect Authorization
T1565.001Stored Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo