CVE-2025-66474Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via spaced HTML macro closure

Published Dec 10, 2025 · Updated Dec 11, 2025

Code injection in XWiki Rendering allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code through crafted wiki content. XHTMLWikiPrinter.printRaw escaped only the exact closing HTML macro syntax, allowing whitespace before the closing braces to terminate the enclosing macro and inject script macros. Any user able to edit a profile field or another document supporting wiki syntax can run Groovy or Python macros with programming rights and gain unrestricted read and write access to wiki contents.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability1.02%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in XWiki Rendering allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code through crafted wiki content. XHTMLWikiPrinter.printRaw escaped only the exact closing HTML macro syntax, allowing whitespace before the closing braces to terminate the enclosing macro and inject script macros. Any user able to edit a profile field or another document supporting wiki syntax can run Groovy or Python macros with programming rights and gain unrestricted read and write access to wiki contents.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-66474
Published
Dec 10, 2025
Updated
Dec 11, 2025
Vendor
CryptPad
Product
XWiki Rendering
Classifications
CWE-95, CWE-94, T1059.006
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 16.10.10
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 17.0.0-rc-1, < 17.4.3
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 17.5.0-rc-1, < 17.6.0-rc-1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

CryptPad · XWiki Renderingversion=< 16.10.10; version=>= 17.0.0-rc-1, < 17.4.3; version=>= 17.5.0-rc-1, < 17.6.0-rc-1

Published CVSS scores

8.8NIST National Vulnerability DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-95Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059.006Python

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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