CVE-2025-66299Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via Twig safe-filter mutation

Published Dec 1, 2025 · Updated Dec 2, 2025

Server-side template injection in GetGrav Grav before 1.8.0-beta.27 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code. The exposed Twig object lets crafted page directives write attacker-chosen PHP function names into system.twig.safe_filters, bypassing isDangerousFunction(). Editor permission and Twig processing on an editable page are required; rendering the saved page runs commands with the web server's privileges.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.60%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Server-side template injection in GetGrav Grav before 1.8.0-beta.27 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code. The exposed Twig object lets crafted page directives write attacker-chosen PHP function names into system.twig.safe_filters, bypassing isDangerousFunction(). Editor permission and Twig processing on an editable page are required; rendering the saved page runs commands with the web server's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-66299
Published
Dec 1, 2025
Updated
Dec 2, 2025
Vendor
GetGrav
Product
Grav
Classifications
CWE-94, CWE-1336, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 2, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.8.0-beta.27

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

GetGrav · Gravversion=< 1.8.0-beta.27

Published CVSS scores

8.8GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CWE-1336Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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