CVE-2025-66220Public exploitNetwork attack vector

mTLS identity impersonation via null-truncated OTHERNAME SAN

Published Dec 3, 2025 · Updated Dec 3, 2025

Improper null termination in Envoy 1.36.2 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to impersonate an allowed mTLS identity. BMPSTRING and UNIVERSALSTRING OTHERNAME SAN values are converted to UTF-8, but assignment truncates the result at the first embedded null byte, so an exact matcher accepts only the attacker-controlled prefix. Exploitation requires a trusted client certificate carrying the crafted SAN and grants access to services or APIs protected by that exact identity check.

CVSS severity5.0
Medium
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper null termination in Envoy 1.36.2 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to impersonate an allowed mTLS identity. BMPSTRING and UNIVERSALSTRING OTHERNAME SAN values are converted to UTF-8, but assignment truncates the result at the first embedded null byte, so an exact matcher accepts only the attacker-controlled prefix. Exploitation requires a trusted client certificate carrying the crafted SAN and grants access to services or APIs protected by that exact identity check.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-66220
Published
Dec 3, 2025
Updated
Dec 3, 2025
Vendor
Envoy Proxy
Product
Envoy
Classifications
CWE-170, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 3, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=<= 1.33.12
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 1.34.0, <= 1.34.10
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 1.35.0, <= 1.35.6
  4. Affected versionversion=>= 1.36.0, <= 1.36.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Envoy Proxy · Envoyversion=<= 1.33.12; version=>= 1.34.0, <= 1.34.10; version=>= 1.35.0, <= 1.35.6; version=>= 1.36.0, <= 1.36.2

Published CVSS scores

5.0GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
7.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-170Improper Null Termination
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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