CVE-2025-6545Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Predictable derived keys via unvalidated digest names

Published Jun 23, 2025 · Updated Jun 23, 2025

Improper input validation in Browserify PBKDF2 3.0.10 through 3.1.2 allows remote attackers to obtain predictable keys via digest names. lib/sync.js indexes a literal digest-size table without normalizing or rejecting the digest name, so its HMAC path leaves allocated key bytes unwritten. Exposure requires a nonlisted algorithm spelling in the browser implementation or browser import; browsers return zero-filled keys, while Node.js and Bun can expose uninitialized memory.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability0.42%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper input validation in Browserify PBKDF2 3.0.10 through 3.1.2 allows remote attackers to obtain predictable keys via digest names. lib/sync.js indexes a literal digest-size table without normalizing or rejecting the digest name, so its HMAC path leaves allocated key bytes unwritten. Exposure requires a nonlisted algorithm spelling in the browser implementation or browser import; browsers return zero-filled keys, while Node.js and Bun can expose uninitialized memory.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-6545
Published
Jun 23, 2025
Updated
Jun 23, 2025
Vendor
Browserify
Product
PBKDF2
Classifications
CWE-20, CAPEC-475, T1600.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 23, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.0.10 <=3.1.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Browserify · PBKDF2version=3.0.10 <=3.1.2

Published CVSS scores

9.1Harborist CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
CAPEC-475Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation
T1600.001Reduce Key Space

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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