CVE-2025-64724

Local privilege escalation via world-writable bundled executables

Published Dec 18, 2025 · Updated Dec 18, 2025

Incorrect default permissions in Arduino IDE before 2.3.7 on macOS allow local users to run code with another user's privileges. The Theia native dependency bundling step copies executable files without enforcing restrictive permissions, leaving them writable by every local account. Exploitation requires local access to replace a bundled file and another user to launch the tampered application, after which the code inherits that user's data access.

CVSS severity4.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.13%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Incorrect default permissions in Arduino IDE before 2.3.7 on macOS allow local users to run code with another user's privileges. The Theia native dependency bundling step copies executable files without enforcing restrictive permissions, leaving them writable by every local account. Exploitation requires local access to replace a bundled file and another user to launch the tampered application, after which the code inherits that user's data access.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-64724
Published
Dec 18, 2025
Updated
Dec 18, 2025
Vendor
Arduino
Product
Arduino IDE
Classifications
CWE-276, T1574
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.3.7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Arduino · Arduino IDEversion=< 2.3.7

Published CVSS scores

7.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.8GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-276Incorrect Default Permissions
T1574Hijack Execution Flow

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo