CVE-2025-64121Network attack vector

Unauthenticated access via undisclosed alternate path

Published Jan 2, 2026 · Updated Jan 2, 2026

Authentication bypass in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller 2.3.8 through 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to access protected functions. Dragos identifies an alternate authentication path or channel, but neither Dragos nor Nuvation Energy discloses the affected endpoint or the operation that omits authentication. No credentials or user interaction are required over the network; bypassed access exposes controller data and functions that monitor and control connected battery stacks.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability0.40%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller 2.3.8 through 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to access protected functions. Dragos identifies an alternate authentication path or channel, but neither Dragos nor Nuvation Energy discloses the affected endpoint or the operation that omits authentication. No credentials or user interaction are required over the network; bypassed access exposes controller data and functions that monitor and control connected battery stacks.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-64121
Published
Jan 2, 2026
Updated
Jan 2, 2026
Vendor
Nuvation Energy
Product
Multi-Stack Controller
Classifications
CWE-288, CAPEC-115
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 2, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 2, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.3.8 <2.5.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Nuvation Energy · Multi-Stack Controllerversion=2.3.8 <2.5.1

Published CVSS scores

10.0Dragos, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-288Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
CAPEC-115Authentication Bypass

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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