CVE-2025-61944Public exploit

Code execution via unbounded zero-length TLV loop

Published Feb 3, 2026 · Updated Feb 3, 2026

Heap-based buffer overflow in TP-Link Archer AX53 v1.0 firmware through 1.3.1 Build 20241120 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. The tmpServer opcode 0xe01 TLV parser advances a 0x38-byte destination slot for each zero-length nested TLV without bounding the index, writing past its 0x8000-byte static buffer. Access requires authentication through the HomeShield cloud path to the router-local service; exploitation can crash tmpServer or execute arbitrary code on the router.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability0.43%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap-based buffer overflow in TP-Link Archer AX53 v1.0 firmware through 1.3.1 Build 20241120 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. The tmpServer opcode 0xe01 TLV parser advances a 0x38-byte destination slot for each zero-length nested TLV without bounding the index, writing past its 0x8000-byte static buffer. Access requires authentication through the HomeShield cloud path to the router-local service; exploitation can crash tmpServer or execute arbitrary code on the router.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-61944
Published
Feb 3, 2026
Updated
Feb 3, 2026
Vendor
TP-Link Systems Inc.
Product
Archer AX53
Classifications
CWE-122, CWE-787, CAPEC-100, T1190
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 3, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 3, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.3.1 Build 20241120

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

TP-Link Systems Inc. · Archer AX53version=0 <=1.3.1 Build 20241120

Published CVSS scores

7.3TP-Link Systems Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.0NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
CAPEC-100Overflow Buffers
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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