Code execution via unbounded zero-length TLV loop
Published Feb 3, 2026 · Updated Feb 3, 2026
Heap-based buffer overflow in TP-Link Archer AX53 v1.0 firmware through 1.3.1 Build 20241120 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. The tmpServer opcode 0xe01 TLV parser advances a 0x38-byte destination slot for each zero-length nested TLV without bounding the index, writing past its 0x8000-byte static buffer. Access requires authentication through the HomeShield cloud path to the router-local service; exploitation can crash tmpServer or execute arbitrary code on the router.
Summary
What happened
Heap-based buffer overflow in TP-Link Archer AX53 v1.0 firmware through 1.3.1 Build 20241120 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. The tmpServer opcode 0xe01 TLV parser advances a 0x38-byte destination slot for each zero-length nested TLV without bounding the index, writing past its 0x8000-byte static buffer. Access requires authentication through the HomeShield cloud path to the router-local service; exploitation can crash tmpServer or execute arbitrary code on the router.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-61944
- Published
- Feb 3, 2026
- Updated
- Feb 3, 2026
- Vendor
- TP-Link Systems Inc.
- Product
- Archer AX53
- Classifications
- CWE-122, CWE-787, CAPEC-100, T1190
- Attack vector
- adjacent
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Feb 3, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Feb 3, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=0 <=1.3.1 Build 20241120
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Cisco Talos tmpServer opcode 0xe01 crash proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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