Host code execution via VM constructor escape
Published Oct 10, 2025 · Updated Oct 10, 2025
Code injection in Happy DOM before 20.0.0 allows remote attackers to execute host-level code through untrusted JavaScript. Script execution in the Node.js VM context lets code walk the constructor chain to obtain the process-level Function constructor and evaluate strings outside the context. Exploitation requires an application to evaluate attacker-controlled script; CommonJS exposure can yield require(), file access, and child-process commands.
Summary
What happened
Code injection in Happy DOM before 20.0.0 allows remote attackers to execute host-level code through untrusted JavaScript. Script execution in the Node.js VM context lets code walk the constructor chain to obtain the process-level Function constructor and evaluate strings outside the context. Exploitation requires an application to evaluate attacker-controlled script; CommonJS exposure can yield require(), file access, and child-process commands.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-61927
- Published
- Oct 10, 2025
- Updated
- Oct 10, 2025
- Vendor
- capricorn86
- Product
- Happy DOM
- Classifications
- CWE-94, T1059.007
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Oct 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Oct 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 20.0.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Upstream CommonJS VM escape reproductionproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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