CVE-2025-61662

Boot interruption via orphaned gettext command

Published Nov 18, 2025 · Updated Sep 1, 2026

Use-after-free in GNU GRUB 2.14 and earlier allows local users to crash the bootloader by invoking an orphaned gettext command. The gettext module leaves its registered command pointing to unloaded module memory because GRUB_MOD_FINI omits grub_unregister_command. Exploitation requires local or physical access to the GRUB command line, and the established consequence is a bootloader crash that interrupts startup.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in GNU GRUB 2.14 and earlier allows local users to crash the bootloader by invoking an orphaned gettext command. The gettext module leaves its registered command pointing to unloaded module memory because GRUB_MOD_FINI omits grub_unregister_command. Exploitation requires local or physical access to the GRUB command line, and the established consequence is a bootloader crash that interrupts startup.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-61662
Published
Nov 18, 2025
Updated
Sep 1, 2026
Vendor
389 Directory Server
Product
Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16
Classifications
CWE-416, T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 1, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected versions are unavailable in this record. Check the vendor advisory for version and patch details.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
The GnuPG Project · GNU GRUBversion=0 <=2.14
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update ServiceAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-OnAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update ServiceAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Affected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.8Red HatCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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