CVE-2025-61385Network attack vector

SQL injection via improperly escaped list elements

Published Oct 27, 2025 · Updated Oct 27, 2025

SQL injection in pg8000 1.31.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL via crafted Python lists passed to native.literal. The function serializes list elements into SQL literals without neutralizing embedded SQL syntax, allowing an element to escape its value context. Exploitation requires a consuming application to pass attacker-controlled list content to native.literal, and statements execute with that application's database privileges.

CVSS severity9.6
Critical
EPSS probability0.34%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in pg8000 1.31.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL via crafted Python lists passed to native.literal. The function serializes list elements into SQL literals without neutralizing embedded SQL syntax, allowing an element to escape its value context. Exploitation requires a consuming application to pass attacker-controlled list content to native.literal, and statements execute with that application's database privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-61385
Published
Oct 27, 2025
Updated
Oct 27, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.6CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.1GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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